PENILE CANCER

Penile Cancer is a malignant growth in the tissue skin of the penis. It is usually found on the glans or foreskin of the penis, but it can also occur on the shaft of the penis

Causes
Infections: HIV infections, human Papillomavirus and genital warts.

Hygiene and injury – Poor hygiene, Phimosis, Paraphimosis, Uncircumcised penis or Penile injury.

Others – Age above 60, use of tobacco and exposure to Ultraviolet light.

Signs and symptoms

It includes redness and rashes on the penis, foul-smelling discharge, pain on the penis, changes in color, and bleeding from the penis under the foreskin.

Diagnosis
Physical examination and history is taken by the urologist

Biopsy – Fine needle aspiration &removal of tissue or fluid using a needle.

Treatment
They are many treatment options which include radiation,chemotherapy, and biological therapy.

Surgery Circumcision:
If cancer is on the foreskin, circumcision often cures it by removing the foreskin and some nearby tissues.

Simple excision:
The tumor is cut out along with nearby normal skin and the remaining skin is stitched back together.

Wide local excision:
The tumor is removed along with a large amount of normal tissue.

Partial Penectomy:
If cancer has grown deeply inside the penis the goal is to remove all cancer and some of the normal looking penis

Total Penectomy:

The entire penis is removed including the roots that are extended the pelvis and the surgeon creates a new opening for urine to drain from the perineum.